Nitrate adsorption by fired clay in fixed bed column

Excessive use of nitrogen fertilizers has increased nitrate concentrations in groundwater, which poses a health hazard from nitrate-contaminated drinking water and contributes to eutrophication. Nitrate removal systems been carefully studied; However, new, low-cost solutions are urgently needed. Clay terracotta minerals commonly used environmental applications due their non-toxicity, global availability, low cost, physical chemical properties (ion-exchange capacity, high surface area, adsorption, catalytic properties). Although most reduce cationic pollutants, depending on the method modification or materials with they mixed, can be equally effective removing anionic contamination. The goal study is treat containing excessive nitrates produce acceptable specifications evaluate performance fired clay as environmentally friendly treatment material.